Local residents who live around the 20km exclusion zone around the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant undergo a screening test for possible radiation at screening center on September 13, 2011 in Minamisoma, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.
August 6th, 2020 Posted by Stanford
Microscopic particles emitted during the Fukushima nuclear disaster contained plutonium, according to a new study.
The microscopic radioactive particles formed inside the Fukushima reactors when the melting nuclear fuel interacted with the reactor’s structural concrete.
Nearly ten years after meltdown at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant caused a nuclear disaster, the new information about the extent and severity of the meltdown and the distribution patterns of the plutonium have broad implications for understanding the mobility of plutonium during a nuclear accident.
“The study used an extraordinary array of analytical techniques in order to complete the description of the particles at the atomic-scale,” says coauthor Rod Ewing, co-director of the Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC) at Stanford University.
The researchers found that, due to loss of containment in the reactors, the particles were released into the atmosphere and many were then deposited many miles from the reactor sites.
Studies have shown that the cesium-rich microparticles, or CsMPs, are highly radioactive and primarily composed of glass (with silica from concrete) and radio-cesium (a volatile fission product formed in the reactors). But the environmental impact and their distribution is still an active subject of research and debate. The new work offers a much-needed insight into the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) meltdowns.
The study used an extraordinary array of analytical techniques in order to complete the description of the particles at the atomic-scale.
The researchers used a combination of advanced analytical techniques, including synchrotron-based micro-X-ray analysis, secondary ion mass spectrometry, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, to find and characterize the plutonium that was present in the CsMP samples. They initially discovered incredibly small uranium-dioxide inclusions, of less than 10 nanometers in diameter, inside the CsMPs; this indicated possible inclusion of nuclear fuel inside the particles.
Detailed analysis revealed, for the first-time, that plutonium-oxide concentrates were associated with the uranium, and that the isotopic composition of the uranium and plutonium matched that calculated for the FDNPP irradiated fuel inventory.
“These results strongly suggest that the nano-scale heterogeneity that is common in normal nuclear fuels is still present in the fuel debris that remains inside the site’s damaged reactors,” says geochemist Satoshi Utsunomiya of Kyushu University, who led the team.
“This is important information as it tells us about the extent [and] severity of the meltdown. Further, this is important information for the eventual decommissioning of the damaged reactors and the long-term management of their wastes.”
With regards to environmental impact, Utsunomiya says, “as we already know that the CsMPs were distributed over a wide region in Japan, small amounts of plutonium were likely dispersed in the same way.”
This is important information for the eventual decommissioning of the damaged reactors and the long-term management of their wastes.
The team “will continue to experiment with the CsMPs, in an effort to better understand their long-term behavior and environmental impact,” says Gareth T. W. Law, a coauthor on the paper from the University of Helsinki. It is now clear that CsMPs are an important vector of radioactive contamination from nuclear accidents.”
“While the plutonium released from the damaged reactors is low compared to that of cesium; the investigation provides crucial information for studying the associated health impact,” says coauthor Bernd Grambow of Nantes/France.
Utsunomiya emphasizes that this is a great achievement of international collaboration. “It’s been almost ten years since the nuclear disaster at Fukushima,” he says, “but research on Fukushima’s environmental impact and its decommissioning are a long way from being over.”
The paper appears in Science of the Total Environment.
Additional researchers from Kyushu University, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Institute of Technology, National Institute of Polar Research, University of Helsinki, Paul Scherrer Institute, Diamond Light Source, and SUBATECH (IMT Atlantique, CNRS, University of Nantes) contributed to the work.
Source: Stanford University via Kyushu University
Original Study DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140539
https://www.futurity.org/fukushima-nuclear-disaster-plutonium-2417332-2/
Fukushima 311 Watchdogs 
Multiple bomb detonations on their own people, to test them. They fracked narural gas with nuke bombs, all over the USA, that is too radioactive to use, Permanently. They have to leave it in the ground. It is so radioactive, to this day, that if you were in a room with some ofit it, it would kill you in a short time. The radioacive gas, seeping into rivers and aquifers.
Nuclear bombs, go hand-in-hand w nuclear power. There have been multiple reactor explosions and, accidents for 75 years since Hiroshima. Please do not applaud the trinity bomb or Hiroshima. It was a dirty bomb, atrocity. It was the beginning, of the insidious WW3 nuke war on the world. Trinity was the beginning of the great war of humanity on itsef. The Bomb, the radionucide suicide, the waste. the reactors. Fukushima is the worst nuclear accident possible. It heavily contaminated the world..
In fact, they thought trinity might catch the atmosphere on fire. It has, is in a way, with the radioactive krypton, from nuclear blasts, contributing to ozone holes in the atmosphere.
I know some people are enamored with the bomb, the brain-washing, the military industrial complex, the corporations and oil companies, that are all intertwined .
The billionaires ond oligarchs, in these filthy polluted, nuclear polluted and nuclear, unsustainable societies, that we call first world, developed economies. The imperialism, the greed.
Hiroshama was the beginning of Nuclear World War 3, on all life on earth. Radionuclides that are so toxic. The Omega poisons. Radionuclides are intrinsically omnicidal, to all life and genomes on the planet and incompatible with our very biochemical and biological essense.
Probably, a billion people have died since it started. Perhaps our genome is too damaged, for us to continue already Detonating nuclear bombs on us. Killing maiming and causing, long term genetic damage to peoples in the middle east and serbia with depeleted uranium nuclear warfare.
Multiple bomb detonations on their own people to test them. They fracked narural gas with nuke bombs, all over the USA, that is too radioactive to use and burn. They have to leave it in the ground. It is so radioactive, to this day, that if you were in a room with some ofit it, it would kill you in a short time. The radioacive gas, seeping into rivers and aquifers.
Nuclear bombs go hand-in-hand with nuclear power.There have been multiple reactor explosions and, accidents for 75 years since Hiroshima. Please do not applaud the trinty bomb or hiroshima. It was a dirty bomb attrocity. It was the beginning of the insidious WW3 nuke war on the world. Trinity was the beginning of the greateat war of humanity on itsef. The Bomb, the radionucle suicide, the waste. the reactors. Fukushima is the worst nuclear accident possible. It heavily contaminart the world.. In fact they thought trinity might catch the atmosphere on fire. It is in a way, with the radioactive krypton from nuclear blasts, contributing to ozone holes in the atmosphere.
10s of millions of tons of the most toxic
radionucide garbage and death material released on the northern hemisphere and more. Every atom, of a high energy-emitting, radionuclide will catalyze a billion exothermic reactions in the biosphere.
Most Radionuclides are pyrophoric. High energy radioclides like strontium 90, cobalt 60 and cesium 137 cause heat decay. Alpha and beta emitters, massively destroy procariotic and eucariotic fungal organisms that help maintain microscopic and macroscopic thermal regulation of large swaths of the biosphere. How can anyone say that the massive nuclear pollution, of the northern biosphere is not effecting the biosphere radicallyin a place like the arctic whete there is so much of it?
Radioactive gasses from bombs and reactors is in the biosphere now. Krypton is in the atmosphere. Krypton propagates free-radical reactions. Depleting ozone.
There are large amounts of the high pyrophoricity and extreme toxicity from plutonium and uranium in the world.
The radioactive fall-out spread quickly and “unexpectedly” is what they said when they detonated the boomb at Trinity.. The official history claims “the wind changed suddenly”. It was the first of many lies, as declassified documents and the victims’ testimony reveal.
Trinity was a dirty bomb
The horrific events — the initial Trinity test in Alamogordo, the “Little Boy” bombing of Hiroshima and the “Fat Man” plutonium bombing of Nagasaki — is that, incredibly, in a world where nine nations possess a total of nearly 14,000 nuclear weapons. They have poisoned the earth, making and testing them. Poisoned the earth with the reactors and their byproducts.
There are wild fires encircling theearth now. Perennial wild fires every year now by Fukushima and Chernobyl,. Wild fires caused by pyrophoric radionuclides in nuclear sacrifice zones and reserves like INL with 50 reactors and thousands of tons of waste. A 900,000 acre wild-fire at INL last years.
Ten’s of millions of tons, of the most lethal, mutagenic and carcinogenic waste, Gamma emmitors, uranium. cesium, polonium that can kill in millionths of a gram. The most poisonous elements, in the universe. They are everywhere. Genomes damages so badly, in Belarus from Chernobyl.. in Nevada. In Mayak cesium 137 and more from fukushima: plutonium radiodine, cesium, cobalt60, strontium90.
There are the depleted uranium nuclear wars, in the middle east and Serbia.
A whole city of birth defets and cancer from it, in fallujah , Iraq.
A billion people dead, from zygotes killed, birth defects, chernobyl heart, spontaneous abortions, radiation poisonings and cancer from these evil gamma, beta, alpha heavy metal poisons.
The evil devils continue to lie about it.
Our life support , is about ready to be done in, by the worst nuclear pollution in our aquifers our food, our air..
Some stupid people, say we should be thankful for hiroshima, They say , “There have been no wars or nuke wars since then!”
These dummies and greedy fools, will not acknowledge the slow murderous, nuclear ww3 going on, that has insidiously murdered and, killed so many. It has destroyed swaths of life and will destroy all life and genomes . The omnicidal con-men, evil monkeys, are dead set on nuke war anyway.
There is so much nuclear fallout and nuclear puke and pollution, in the biosphere , from the slow nuke war and, nuke insanity, there will be no hope for any life on earth, soon.
So please do not applaud the evil morons, who say we should thank, the nuke ape monsters who, did Hiroshima and prevented ww3, because they did not. They have made things far worse, than most people can imagine! Donald trump has broken all nuke treaties. Caused the russians to detonate a nuke bomb. He has heavily increased nuclear spending and, brought us closer to nuclear warl than ever before . The other imperialist party, at this point will probably continue the nuclear insanity but not as critically and recklessly.
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PLEASE DO NOT APPLAUD THE PEOPLE WHO SAY HIROSHIMA HAS STAVED OFF WAR AND NUCLEAR WAR IN THE WORLD.
it has not. It is a gruesome lie
Multiple bomb detonations on their own people, to test them. They fracked narural gas with nuke bombs, all over the USA, that is too radioactive to use, Permanently. They have to leave it in the ground. It is so radioactive, to this day, that if you were in a room with some of it, it would kill you in a short time. The radioacive gas, seeping into rivers and aquifers.
Nuclear bombs, go hand-in-hand w nuclear power. There have been multiple reactor explosions and, accidents for 75 years since Hiroshima. Please do not applaud the trinity bomb or Hiroshima. It was a dirty bomb, atrocity. It was the beginning, of the insidious WW3 nuke war on the world. Trinity was the beginning of the great war of humanity on itsef. The Bomb, the radionucide suicide, the waste. the reactors. Fukushima is the worst nuclear accident possible. It heavily contaminated the world..
In fact, they thought trinity might catch the atmosphere on fire. It has, is in a way, with the radioactive krypton, from nuclear blasts, contributing to ozone holes in the atmosphere.
I know some people are enamored with the bomb, the brain-washing, the military industrial complex, the corporations and oil companies, that are all intertwined .
The billionaires ond oligarchs, in these filthy polluted, nuclear polluted and nuclear, unsustainable societies, that we call first world, developed economies. The imperialism, the greed.
Hiroshima was the beginning of Nuclear World War 3, on all life on earth. Radionuclides that are so toxic. The Omega poisons. Radionuclides are intrinsically omnicidal, to all life and genomes on the planet and incompatible with our very biochemical and biological essense.
Probably, a billion people have died since it started. Perhaps our genome is too damaged, for us to continue already Detonating nuclear bombs on us. Killing maiming and causing, long term genetic damage to peoples in the middle east and Serbia, with depeleted uranium nuclear warfare.
They fracked narural gas with nuke bombs, all over the USA, that is too radioactive to use and burn. It is so radioactive, to this day, that if you were in a room with some ofit it, it would kill you in a short time. The radioacive gas, seeping into rivers and aquifers.
Please do not applaud the Trinity bomb or Hiroshima. It was a dirty bomb atrocity. It was the beginning of the insidious WW3 nuke war on the world. Trinity was the beginning of the greateat war, of humanity on itsef. The Bomb, the radionuclide suicide, the waste. the reactors. Fukushima is the worst nuclear accident possible. It heavily contaminated the world.. In fact they thought Trinity might catch the atmosphere on fire. It is in a way, with the radioactive krypton from nuclear blasts, contributing to ozone holes in the atmosphere.
10s of millions of tons of the most toxic
radionucide garbage and death material released on the northern hemisphere and more. Every atom, of a high energy-emitting, radionuclide will catalyze a billion exothermic reactions in the biosphere.
Most Radionuclides are pyrophoric. High energy radioclides like strontium 90, cobalt 60 and cesium 137 cause heat decay. Alpha and beta emitters, massively destroy procariotic and eucariotic fungal organisms that help maintain microscopic and macroscopic thermal regulation of large swaths of the biosphere. How can anyone say that the massive nuclear pollution, of the northern biosphere is not effecting the biosphere radicallyin a place like the arctic whete there is so much of it?
Radioactive gasses from bombs and reactors is in the biosphere now. Krypton is in the atmosphere. Krypton propagates free-radical reactions. Depleting ozone.
There are large amounts of the high pyrophoricity and extreme toxicity from plutonium and uranium in the world.
The radioactive fall-out spread quickly and “unexpectedly” is what they said when they detonated the boomb at Trinity.. The official history claims “the wind changed suddenly”. It was the first of many lies, as declassified documents and the victims’ testimony reveal.
Trinity was a dirty bomb
The horrific events — the initial Trinity test in Alamogordo, the “Little Boy” bombing of Hiroshima and the “Fat Man” plutonium bombing of Nagasaki — is that, incredibly, in a world where nine nations possess a total of nearly 14,000 nuclear weapons. They have poisoned the earth, making and testing them. Poisoned the earth with the reactors and their byproducts.
There are wild fires encircling the earth now. Perennial wild fires every year now by Fukushima and Chernobyl,. Wild fires caused by pyrophoric radionuclides in nuclear sacrifice zones and reserves like INL with 50 reactors and thousands of tons of waste. A 900,000 acre wild-fire at INL last years.
Ten’s of millions of tons, of the most lethal, mutagenic and carcinogenic waste, Gamma emmitors, uranium. cesium, polonium that can kill in millionths of a gram. The most poisonous elements, in the universe. They are everywhere. Genomes damages so badly, in Belarus from Chernobyl.. in Nevada. In Mayak cesium 137 and more from fukushima: plutonium radiodine, cesium, cobalt60, strontium90.
There are the depleted uranium nuclear wars, in the middle east and Serbia.
A whole city of birth defets and cancer from it, in fallujah , Iraq.
A billion people dead, from zygotes killed, birth defects, chernobyl heart, spontaneous abortions, radiation poisonings and cancer from these evil gamma, beta, alpha heavy metal poisonsa in our aquifers our food, our air..
Some nucleariats, say we should be thankful for hiroshima, They say , “There have been no wars or nuke wars since then!” zxz
These greedy people will not acknowledge the slow murderous, nuclear ww3 going on, that has insidiously murdered and, killed so many. It has destroyed swaths of life and will destroy all life and genomes . The omnicidal con-men, evil monkeys, are dead set on nuke war anyway.
There is so much nuclear fallout and nuclear puke and pollution, in the biosphere , from the slow nuke war and, nuke insanity, there will be no hope for any life on earth, soon.
So please do not applaud the evil morons, who say we should thank, the nuke ape monsters who, did Hiroshima and prevented ww3, because they did not. They have made things far worse, than most people can imagine! Donald trump has broken all nuke treaties. Caused the russians to detonate a nuke bomb. He has heavily increased nuclear spending and, brought us closer to nuclear war, than ever before . The other imperialist party, at this point will probably continue the nuclear insanity but, not as critically and recklessly.
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